Writing Your Wrong’s

Most moral filled people have the inner desire to make up for the mistake of their past and this desire is magnified when those mistakes have a negative effect on the lives of others. There is a painful guilt that motivates a person to right his or her wrongs and throughout the redemption process a person's perception of one's self can be completely different from reality. The human psyche may only allow you to see what you want to see and not necessarily the facts or truth. Filmmaker, M. Night Shyamalan, portrays this perfectly through the character Malcolm Crowe in the movie The Sixth Sense. Malcolm is a brilliant and successful child psychologist who struggles with his failed attempts to help a former patient and the neglect of his own marriage throughout his career. Driven by guilt, Malcolm pours all of his time and energy into a new patient, Cole Sears, whose symptoms are parallel to those of his very disturbed former patient. Cole is a scared, anxiety stricken, and haunted young boy with a supernatural ability to see and communicate with dead people or ghosts. Due to Malcolm's deep commitment and extensive time spent with Cole, he alienates his wife who seeks comfort and companionship from a male employee. Malcolm's desperate need to help Cole clouds his ability to perceive his true reality. It is through the journey of helping Cole that finally opens Malcolm's eyes to the realization and acceptance of his own death. As a result, he attains closure with his wife, redeems himself for past failures and is able to move on to the afterlife with a sense of inner peace. Malcolm and his wife appear to share a deep love for one another even though she makes a comment early on in the movie that she is runner up to his career. Nonetheless, it is evident they have love and mutual respect for one another. Unfortunately, their happiness is abruptly disrupted when Malcolm is shot by his former patient, a boy whom he could not help. He does this because he feels as though Malcolm failed him and blames him for being a freak. Following the shooting, we see Malcolm try to interact with his wife without success and her repeated failure to respond to him or acknowledge his presence in a room. She appears to ignore him and he views this lack of communication as anger and resentment that stems from marital neglect. This is shown in a scene where his wife is waiting for Malcolm at a restaurant to celebrate their anniversary and he arrives late because he is in a session with Cole- his new patient. His apology is futile and his wife leaves angry and hurt. Malcolm's perception of the situation is inaccurate because of his inability to acknowledge that he is actually dead. Until this is revealed to Malcolm, he will continue to falsely interpret his wife's behavior and actions. This point is proven when we see Malcolm find his wife's bottle of antidepressants and his assumption that her depression is due to marital problems and not grief from his tragic demise. At the suggestion of Cole, Malcom expresses his love to his wife while she sleeps and in that moment his true reality is finally realized – he his dead! It is abundantly clear that Malcolm's sessions and relationship with Cole are paramount in his ability to evolve and eventually say goodbye to his wife and have closure in their marriage. Malcolm believes he is Cole's hired psychologist and desperately wants to help him. His motivation for doing so is fueled by his guilty conscience resulting from his failed attempt to help his former patient who ultimately shot him. Malcolm sees the similarities between the boys and wants the opportunity to get it right. At first, it is unclear if Malcolm can help Cole, but through a bedtime story everything changes. He narrates this to Cole as a bedtime story that revolves around a character named Malcolm, â€Å"Malcolm who works with children and. although he loves his job, he makes a mistake when he is unable to help a young boy. That mistake changed his life forever. He thinks about him all the time and cannot get the boy out of his mind. He then meets a new boy that reminds him of the other boy he was unable to help. This new boy is awesome and Malcolm wants to help him. If he helps this new little boy, it will be like helping the other one too†. From this bedtime story, Cole discerns that Malcolm is talking about himself and this makes Cole more open towards accepting Malcolm's help. This breakthrough with Cole is the turning point in their relationship. Malcolm suggests that Cole help the ghosts that haunt him. This proves to be therapeutic and we begin to see spiritual growth and improved quality of life for Cole, which directly affects Malcolm. Malcolm's guilt for failing his past patient lessens every day as he witnesses the positive changes in Cole. As a result of Malcolm's persistence and success in helping Cole, he is redeemed and closer to the eternal piece that awaits him. When a person has unresolved conflict or lack of closure in a relationship it can inhibit his or her ability to move on to the afterlife upon their death. Initially, Malcom's perception of his mortality is suppressed by the desire for redemption and marital peace. His extreme guilt over the inability to help his former patient and his decaying marriage hold him prisoner in a purgatory type state. Ultimately, through his gifted ability to help a disturbed child his eyes are opened and his soul is set free. Free from the guilt of failing a boy and his marital shortcomings, but filled with inner peace. This inner peace can be seen when he tells Cole he will see him tomorrow knowing tomorrow will never come and later that evening when he expresses his love and final goodbye to his wife allowing them both to move on. In the end, Malcolm's spirit is free of guilt, redeemed, and living in eternal life. Through his character's portrayal we learn the importance of living a moral, regret free and family filled life. An important lesson much needed by many in our world today. Work CitedThe Sixth Sense. M. Night Shyamalan, Hollywood Pictures, 1999.

Internet Addiction Can Cause Physical Damage to the Brain, Just Like Drugs, Say Researchers

Internet addiction can cause physical damage to the brain, just like drugs, say researchers By  ROB WAUGH UPDATED:  07:42 GMT, 12 January 2012 Internet addiction disrupts nerve wiring in the brains of teenagers, a study has found – causing a level of brain damage normally seen in heavy substance abusers. Similar effects have been seen in the brains of people exposed to alcohol, cocaine and cannabis. The discovery shows that being hooked on a behaviour can be just as physically damaging as addiction to drugs, scientists believe.Brain scans showed significant damage to white matter in the brain, proving, the researchers claim, that ‘behavioural' addictions can cause physical brain damage in the same way as drug addictions. Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is a recently recognised condition characterised by out-of-control internet use. Sufferers spend unhealthy amounts of time â€Å"online† to the extent that it impairs their quality of life. Denied access to th eir computers, they may experience distress and withdrawal symptoms including tremors, obsessive thoughts, and involuntary typing movements of the fingers.Until now research on IAD has focused on psychological assessments. The new study, from China, used a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique to look at its effects on brain structure. Scans were carried out on 17 internet-addicted adolescents and 16 non-addicted individuals, and the results compared. In the IAD-diagnosed teenagers, the scientists found evidence of disruption to ‘white matter' nerve fibres connecting vital parts of the brain involved in emotions, decision making, and self-control.A measurement of water diffusion called ‘fractional anisotropy' (FA) was used which provides a picture of the state of nerve fibres. Low FA was an indicator of poor nerve fibre structure. The researchers, led by Dr Hao Lei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan, wrote in the online journal Public Library of Science O NE: ‘Our findings suggest that IAD demonstrated widespread reductions of FA in major white matter pathways and such abnormal white matter structure may be linked to some behavioural impairments. ‘In addition, white matter integrity may serve as a potential new treatment target.. ‘ Previous studies had shown abnormal white matter structure in the orbito-frontal regions of the brains of people exposed to alcohol, cocaine, cannabis, methamphetamine and ketamine, said the researchers. They added: ‘Our finding that IAD is associated with impaired white matter integrity in the orbito-frontal regions is consistent with these previous results. The scientists suspect the damage is caused by disrupted myelin, the fatty insulating sheath that coats nerve fibres and helps them to function. Commenting on the findings, Dr Henrietta Bowden-Jones, consultant psychiatrist at Imperial College London, said: ‘This type of research exploring the differences between normal b rains and brains of people who suffer from internet addictions is groundbreaking as it makes clear neuroimaging links between internet addiction and other addictions such as alcohol, cocaine and cannabis amongst others. ‘We are finally been told what clinicians suspected for some time now, that white matter abnormalities in the orbito-frontal cortex and other truly significant brain areas are present not only in addictions where substances are involved but also in behavioural ones such as internet addiction. ‘ Currently, internet addiction is officially classified as an ‘mpulse control disorder' rather than a ‘genuine' addiction.Further studies with larger numbers of subjects would be needed before consideration could be given to reclassifying it, said Dr Bowden-Jones. She added: ‘It is.. possible to consider this study as one of the seminal papers in determining how future generations of clinicians will view internet addiction. ‘ Read more:  ht tp://www. dailymail. co. uk/sciencetech/article-2085369/Internet-addiction-cause-physical-damage-brain-just-like-drugs-say-researchers. html#ixzz2QdsZxeo0   Follow us:  @MailOnline on Twitter  |  DailyMail on Facebook

Group Assignment 1

Managerial Statistics (ENMGT 572) Group Assignment You are permitted to use SPSS to solve the following problems unless otherwise stated. Problem 1: Refer to the data file Executive salary. xls. This files shows annual salary of CEOs for various companies and industries. The random variable of interest for this exercise is Sum97. This is the CEO’s annual salary plus bonuses for the year 1997 (referred to as salary here-in).The purpose of this exercise is to determine if there is a significant difference between mean salaries of executives for various industries. There are 8 industries in this data file. Answer the following questions, assume = . 05 level for all tests. a. Briefly explain (in one or two sentences) what type of test approach you would use to determine if there is a difference in the mean salaries among all industries. Also, how would you set up the null and alternate hypothesis? b. Conduct a test to determine if the mean salaries among all industries are equival ent.Also, if there is a difference briefly explain or identify the variables or categories (treatment) that contribute to this difference (You may use Tukey’s Procedure for answering this part) c. Conduct a test to determine if there exist a difference in the mean executive salary for the following groups of industries: I. Industrial and Basic Materials II. Industrial and Technology III. Basic Materials and Technology Before conducting the test above, perform a test on equivalent population variances for each pair of company type.In a brief paragraph, comment of the conclusions of the test results. d. Determine the upper and lower range salary values for each industry at 90% and 95% confidence intervals e. Perform a test of normality (Chi-Square evaluation) on the data for each of the three industries in part c and comment on your findings. First produce a histogram with about 5 categories for this test and perform the test using a Chi-Squared approach. Problem 2: Refer to fi le â€Å"Heating_Bill. xls,† which provides heating bills on a sample of residential homes for the month of February.The file categorizes the data by the type of home (single level or two story) and heating source (natural gas, electric and oil). Conduct a test at the =. 05 level to answer the following questions: a. Is there evidence to suggest that the type of heating source used impacts the monthly heating bill? b. Is there evidence to suggest that the type of home (single or two story) impacts the monthly heating bill? c. Is there evidence to suggest that the interaction between these two categories (type of home or heating source) impacts the monthly heating bill?

INNOVATION AND CHANGE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

INNOVATION AND CHANGE - Essay Example The organizations which can excel in these activities would be in a better position to fetch a continual competitive advantage over its competitors. The successful and effective utilisation of the inventive technologies and new resources is very much dependent on the capability of an organization to indulge into innovation. However, the introduction of such new technologies can bring in some complex challenges as well as opportunities, leading to considerable changes in the managerial practices to form new organizational environment. As in today’s environment, the organizational and technological innovations are entwined. In the year 1950, Schumpeter considered organizational changes, along with the new processes and products, new markets as the key factors leading to ‘creative destruction’. ... One of the significant issues in carrying out research on innovation is to exactly define the concept, ‘innovation’. There is no need to say that ‘innovation’ is something new or original. Beyond this concept of freshness, the dentition of ‘innovation’ would vary in accordance with academic perspective as well the application of the same. A number of researchers have agreed to the fact that an implied aspect of innovation is surely its usefulness. Hence, it distinguishes the ‘innovation’ from any invention as inventions may not have a practical application. More precisely, as per business sense, it is very much desired that innovation would be contributing to the firm’s performance in one or the other way. There is an ongoing debate whether innovation is a mere process or an outcome of the same. This is significant and may be useful in studying the innovation stages as part of organizational processes. Even, the differences c an be useful to find out at which point the organizations become innovative. Another concern has been raised in defining the ‘innovation’. The innovativeness of any firm can demand the firm to be the first mover in any market or innovator in activities. In the year 1983 Rodgers and after 10 years in 1993, Dowling had said that the firms are required to be among a specific percentage of the adopters to be innovative (Read, â€Å"A Definition of Innovation’). The concept of innovation is pretty wide as there can be various types and stages of innovation and varied level of analysis. In the year 1997, Gopalkrishnan and Damanpour had identified three kinds of innovation: radical versus incremental, technical versus administrative

Skip navigation links BFS 3460-08B-2 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS Essay - 1

Skip navigation links BFS 3460-08B-2 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (BFS3460-08B-2) - Essay Example Fires that involve combustible metals such as magnesium, sodium, potassium, titanium, and aluminum can be extinguished by a certain type of dry chemical usually in dry powder form but usually fires which belong to classes A, B or C, can be addressed by an extinguisher filled with monoammonium phosphate, though this can be damaging to electrical appliances (Pulp and Paper Health and Safety Association, n.d.). This due to the fact that dry chemical agents also form a chemical reaction that changes chemical composition with the surface that it comes in contact with. Finally, the chemicals used in dry chemical agents may have an adverse effect on the health of people who are exposed to the chemical itself. Monoammonium phosphate, as a residue, can be harmful to the health especially with the characteristic of dry chemicals to collect in a mass. This might be dangerous as it will be hard to breathe when the compound is inhaled and it attaches to the

Healthy diet Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Healthy diet - Research Paper Example a mode of regulating our meal intake in regards to quality, time and type of meal with an objective of managing our weight improving out health (11). There is always a common misconception that dieting is only important in instances where a person wants to lose weight. The perception is based on that; over-weight people suffer from obesity which is considered unhealthy. In addition, dieting is mostly considered by over-weight people or people with obesity. However, Spencer & Mosley assert that unhealthy dieting is of the same effect to obese people as it has on thin people (56). Moreover, thin people are likely to suffer from effects of unhealthy dieting that obese people. Willet points out that thin people require effective dieting more that fat people due to the consideration that their metabolism rate is significantly affected (44). The relationship between human health and dieting is significant. Regardless of the weight factor, a person should be able to exercise good dieting. There are numerous merits of good dieting and many demerits of bad dieting not influenced by the weight factor. Consequently, a healthy diet is a medical strategy that improves the general health of a person. Additionally, following a healthy diet is important for both fat and slim people. It depends on the kind of food, and the best time for meals. Jaminet & Jaminet assert that good dieting is consumption of meals that rhymes with our body weight and requirement (17). The authors further point out that a healthy diet should be created in regards to time (Jaminet & Jaminet 17). Most importantly, food selection determines the appropriateness of a healthy diet. The same argument is supported by Willet, who point out that a healthy diet should comprise of a food selection and time for food consumption (34). Depending on the health demand of a person, they should be provided with a specific diet. For instance, a slim person may be required to increase their body mass thus increasing

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 16

Reflection - Essay Example Many students feel that the meals they take for lunch are not tasty and as a result they prefer to skip the meals. According to Martin and Oakley (438), care programs that provide the learners with meals that have proper nutrition will succeed to make the learners ready for their studies. Learners should enjoy high nutritious meals before they get to school because this will help them to easily transition to meals offered in school. The physical environment of the school is ideal for learning. While in school, the students are to access the services of a well organised classroom, play ground and dining hall. When activities change, students change their physical setting, making them able to relate the activity they are doing with the environment. A student like Samuel for example is able to differentiate the different setting with the activities to be undertaken. The physical setting of the classroom makes students ready to learn. According to Cashin and Cooper, interaction between the teachers and the students improves the environment of learning compared to using online platforms to teach students on language. The positive interactions between the students and the mentor make the students motivated to learn. The mentors are also able to demonstrate their interest to participate in the learning process of the students and to provide the students with sufficient mentorship. From the experience of interacting with the students, the general performance of the students improve substantially when new innovative mentoring techniques are used in an alternating manner. Some of the effective techniques used include brainstorming sessions, note taking sessions and group activity sessions. While note taking enables the students to further master the language, other techniques like group activities make the students to motivate each other to learn more. Teacher’s participation

Response Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Response Paper 2 - Essay Example For example, if someone is in a concentration camp for nothing but being Polish, they are a victim. But, if they are extorting other people in the concentration camp by acting as an informant to the Nazi guards, they are also victimizing other people. Therefore, it is possible to be, at the same time, victim and victimized; there is always someone on some higher level, who is victimizing the person victimizing you. In Gross’ book, this relationship is made very clearly. Gross’ book is not perfect, although it does refer to patterns of concentration camp victimization, because the book is also the victim, and perhaps has been victimizing the reader. Time will tell, but there are accusations that Gross left out dozens of licenses for different people - witnesses, defendants, etc., who spoke on the role of the German outbreak of food poisoning, and instead just quoted the witnesses, which indicated the participation of Poles. It was argued, among other things, the first test of a chef Julia Sokolowski, which was later withdrawn, and the material Karol Bardon, a German policeman, who was sentenced to death, tried to dilute its responsibility and blame residents of the city. Professor Gross has never explained the reasons for his choice. He never explained why he accepts some of the documents and rejects others. â€Å"I am convinced that Neighbors is a book which had to be written and which is needed. Facing up to the painful truth of Jedwabne i s, in my conviction, the most serious test that we Poles have had to confront in the last decade† (Strembzosz, 2001). In reality, ideas of victimization in terms of this book may run deeper than expected, if any part of it is found to be fabricated. â€Å"A subsequent investigation conducted by the  Polish Institute of National Remembrance  (IPN) largely supported Grosss conclusions  The IPN investigation concluded that "residents of Jedwabne and its environs, of Polish nationality, committed

Public criminal investigations and private security investigations Research Paper

Public criminal investigations and private security investigations - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that public criminal investigation relates to the process through which the government through one arm of the police department that is charged with the responsibility of investigations takes up initiatives aimed to collect crime related pieces of information and to gather them to form concrete evidence. The evidence is then used to apprehend the perpetrators through the initiation of court proceedings. The police department applies the use of small pieces of evidence such as fingerprints, traces of blood, use of eyewitnesses to gather information as well as the items located at the scene of the crime. On the other hand, a private security investigation is a form of investigation that is undertaken by private individuals known as private investigators who are available for hire by the government or by private individuals who are after some information that they feel no need to inform the police. Private investigators who carry out private s ecurity investigation usually work closely with the defense attorneys working on capital punishment as well as other criminal defense cases. They must be licensed by the licensing authority who are available in every state so that their operations can be regarded as legal and not infringing on the rights and freedom of other citizens. They answerable to the individuals who have employed them to carry out the investigations as well as the registering body that may call them from time to time in order to keep track with their operations.  

What the role of organizational culture in organizational change Essay

What the role of organizational culture in organizational change - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that organizational behavior in an organization develops over the years of the existence of the organization and is closely linked to its organizational culture. Every organization has a unique organizational culture that differentiates it from others. Organizational culture manifests â€Å"the values and basic assumptions shared among organizational members† and as such â€Å"these values tend to persist over time and are more resistant to change†. While organizational culture plays several key roles in an organization the two most dominant roles are: â€Å"adaptations to the organization’s external environment† and â€Å"coordination of internal systems and processes†. Coordinating the internal systems and processes will facilitate the formation of a common mission and this, in turn, will result in specific goals. Similarly, the reward systems for good performance as well as sanctions on poor performance are defined by the organizational culture. On the other hand, organizational change is usually manifested through the organization’s values, basic assumptions, and artifacts of which the most visible component is artifacts. Culture in organizations can be defined as â€Å"a pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way you perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems†.† (Schein 1997). The behavior within the organization is a part of its culture also. Organizational behavior can be defined as â€Å"the study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself† (Shajahan, 2004, p. 3). As such, it can be seen that the organizational culture and behavior are extremely di verse between the two companies. Organizational culture plays a pivotal role in shaping the organizational goals and vision. In times of organizational change it is significant that mangers take effective steps to channelize employee behavior in tune with organizational culture and vision. Managing organizational behavior is a relatively complex process in normal situations, especially if a major change occurs like mergers and acquisitions or other important structural or managerial changes within an organization. This organizational change is quite often stressful to everyone concerned. There may be fears of loss of jobs, changes in duties and responsibilities, fears (or hopes) of change in the compensation structure, and the ever present attitude of resistance to change. Organizational change is inevitable under today’s competitive environment and hence companies should be ready with management of change for the purpose of staying competitive. As per Kurt Lewin’s three step model any organization that has impending large scale changes with regard to organizational culture, structure, and behavior should follow a three step process for smooth transformation from old to new. The relatively simple concept (in principle) needs an unfreezing, moving or transition, and refreezing of attitudes as behaviors (Burke, Lake & Paine, 2008, p. 233). Employees are attuned to the working atmosphere of their former employers and hence need an unfreezing of attitudes so that they are receptive to change. The next step is to move or transform the employees to the new behavior and culture that is required in the present situation. Once this is achieved, the next logical step is to freeze the newly learnt factors into their minds. The change in organization behavior hence will only be developed through a long term perspective and cannot be planned in minute detail. It has to be planned in such a way by observing where

Case study snyder v phelps Essay Example for Free

Case study snyder v phelps Essay Snyder v. Phelps (2011) Fred Phelps, the pastor at the Westboro Church, along with his followers believes that God punishes the US for allowing homosexuality freedoms, especially within the military. To express their feelings the Westboro Church and its people sometimes picket military funerals in hopes that their voices will be heard. In 2006 Albert Snyders son who was a Lance Corporal for the United States Marine Corps was killed in the line of the duty during his time in Iraq. Matthew Snyder was killed in Anbar, Iraq when he was the gunner on a Humvee that ended up rolling after hitting something. The Westboro Church decided that they would picket Matthew Snyders funeral, notifying the sanction holding the funeral in advance what they planned on doing. When the Westboro Church and its followers arrived to picket this funeral they made sure to stage the picket on public land that was adjacent to a public street. Making sure that they didnt violate any written laws they also made sure to abide by anything that was appointed to them by the police taking care of the funeral. The Church members stood outside this church during the funeral reciting different hymns and verses from the Bible. Albert Snyder wasnt aware of what the signs said until after the whole funeral took place, claiming that he could really only see the tops and couldnt make out what they actually said. Following the funeral, Snyder noticed on the news that the signs some gruesome stuff such as, God Hates the USAI Thank God for 9/1 1, Thank God for Dead Soldiers, and Dont Pray for the USA. Snyder decided that he would then sue Fred Phelps, claiming that the picketing aused him and his family severe emotional distress. In his defense, Phelps argued that everything that took place that day was completely legal under the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution. The main issue that this case faced legally, was whether Westboros signs and comments while picketing Matthew Snyders funeral related to matters of public concern and in turn, decide whether there is too much protection under the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment. The Supreme Court made it clear that they were only going to determine this ruling ased on matters of public concern as opposed to matters of purely private significance. The Supreme Court affirmed that the picketing amounted to speech on issues that are public; they felt as if one of the main things that the First Amendment covers is the right to picket based upon public issues. The Court felt as if although the signs that were used may fall short of refined social or political commentary, the issues they highlight the political and moral conduct of th e United States and its citizens, the fate of our Nation, homosexuality in the military, and scandals involving he Catholic clergy are all matters of public import. Albert Snyder realized all of the protection under the First Amendment but he claimed in rebuttal that that picketing was intended to shape an attack on Snyder over a rather private matter. Although the Supreme Court realized that Snyder had a strong claim at the time because of the circumstances that were evident, at the same time they must also hold to the law which noted that Maryland did not have a law imposing any types of restrictions on standpoint, the Supreme Court decided that Fred Phelps and his followers were in all f their legal rights to picket that funeral. The Court expressed their acknowledgment of the picketing of a US Soldiers funeral and the idea that many Americans would feel as if the Westboro Church was morally defective, but it rejected those factors as means for any type of lawsuit that could be tendered to the church. Though a Jury ended up awarding the family of Lance Corporal Matthew Snyder millions of dollars, the US Supreme Court upheld the circuit courts dismissal of the verdict over unruly circumstances. Freedom of speech is something that is considered one of the reatest things available by both sides of the political lanes. Both Conservatives and Liberals strongly believe in freedom of speech, but it is Liberals that are more likely to take the realm of expressing themselves publically. Liberals take pride in the idea of the political left, which basically outlines their devotion to Americas First Amendment the right to free speech. Although it is usually Liberals that we see voicing their opinion publically, the Westboro Church is overall a Conservative group because of what they stand for. Most people including the media portray and roclaim that the Westboro Church is a Liberal party but when you dig deeper you start to notice that isnt really the case. The Westboro Church has many things in common with those that claim to be Conservative; both are against marriage equality, both are for the replacement of constitutional government with religious dogma of their particular form of Christianity, both are for the reduction of the rights of minorities and women, and both are for getting rid of reproductive rights and family planning. The case of Snyder v. Phelps places before us a choice where we ust decide between the ethical values of basic respect versus the legal right of the First Amendment, freedom of speech. From an ethical perspective, it is easy to decide this case based upon the ideas that we adopted over time that all in all became a social norm. The ethical value of respect at a funeral will easily make someone choose the side of Snyders in this case Just because over time we have established that funerals are meant to mourn and to pay respect to not only the fallen but also the family of that person. Although it may be interpreted that the reason that the Westboro Church chose to take action the way that they did was because it was necessary to get their point across, ethically it is frowned upon because of how we know funerals are supposed to take place. The Westboro Church had many options to establish the point that they were trying to get across such as the newspaper, TV, or the radio, but instead they chose to do it at a US Marines funeral which ended up working in their favor gaining them national recognition. Potter Stewart, a once US Justice wrote with regards to Ethics that, Ethics is knowing the difference between hat you have a right to do and what is right to do. This quote explains the complete ethical aspect of this case because it describes how legally, the Westboro Church had every right to do what they did that day but ethically they were in the wrong intruding on the privacy of a grieving family at a funeral service less than 300 feet away. While the Justices made it clear that they understood where Albert Snyder and his family were coming from, they also stood firm with the idea that the Westboro Church was practicing the First Amendment which allows the freedom of speech to he public. One of the Justices following the court case described the entire case as powerful. It can stir people to action, move them to tears of both Joy and sorrow, and as it did here inflict great pain. On the facts before us, we cannot react to that pain by punishing the speaker. As a nation we have chosen a different course to protect even hurtful speech on public issues to ensure that we do not stifle public debate. The problem that is now faced upon America after the ruling that the Westboro Church did nothing wrong is, how much is too much in regards to a few igns becoming too many? Would enough signs have changed the nature of the content of Westboros message towards the Snyder family? The effect of this case on the public is something that isnt necessarily brought up but it is evident in many places because you have to realize that the public mainly sees this as a case of a family being stripped of what they believe should be a quiet and peaceful funeral. With the ruling ending the way it does it has the public wondering how far the First Amendment freedom of speech can really get you and the fine print behind our US Constitution. Overall, the US Supreme Court case touches many aspects whether it is ethically, legally, politically, or socially. It is hard for most ethically driven people to accept the fact that the Westboro Church not only got no penalty for what they did at Matthew Snyders funeral, but they also received no further details about stopping the picketing of funerals. In regards to legal aspects, this case set in stone that the First Amendment freedom of speech allows for not only speech that is accepted ethically but any type of speech that strays away from a personal attack. In most of he publics opinion the Westboro Church was in the wrong that day for not allowing a grieving family time to privately mourn the loss of a family member but although what they did was frowned upon they stayed within their legal rights which forces the court to drop their case. Although Albert Snyder lost this case his family was awarded millions of dollars and they also received support of the majority of the public against the Westboro Church and their actions not only that day, but in the future. Snyder left the courtroom after the ruling with not complete satisfaction but rust that his point was spread across America which was to notify them of what the Westboro Church does and what they caused not only himself, but his family.

Blood Spatter in Crime Scene Investigation Essay Example for Free

Blood Spatter in Crime Scene Investigation Essay Checking all aspects of a crime scene is a crucial part of investigating a crime. The thorough sampling of all suspicious items in a crime scene, like footsteps, hair strands, and even the changes that took place in the pieces of furniture may help in leading the authorities to the doer of the crime. Oftentimes, even the way the blood splattered from the victim to the walls and floors of the crime scene can help pave the way to the solution of the crime. Blood may be like any other piece of evidence in a crime scene. It is what everyone else immediately sees. It does not talk, yet it can tell so much information. Through analysis of blood splatter, an investigator can tell how the person was killed and from what angle it was done. It can also tell whether the act done fast or as slowly as possible. Blood splatter can greatly help in crime investigation through the analysis of it. Human Blood Normally, the human blood comprises seven to eight percent of the body weight. It carries the essential functions of carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body cells. It also rids the body of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and other body wastes. The blood also serves an important role in the body’s immune system and in maintenance of the body temperature. It is a specialized tissue that has various components. It is a four to six quarts tissue with many components being pumped throughout the body. It circulates constantly in the body, making everything function normally. This is the reason why, when this circulation is disrupted by any action, it spatters (O ‘Neil, 2008). There are various ways that can greatly disrupt the circulation of the blood. Definitely, the most disturbing are violent confrontations like, bullet-shot trauma, blunt force trauma, or knife trauma. The effects of these acts on the blood may vary into two. It can either spill or the blood may spurt out of the body into scattered drops. These differences in the effects of action to blood can help tell the forensic experts of what truly happened in the crime and to the victim (Castillo, 2009). Blood Spatters and the Crime Scene The positions of the blood stains or the patterns of the blood can greatly help in the solving of crimes. As was mentioned, there are numerous ways in which blood may come out from the body once a violent act is done to disturb the circulation. Through these various effects on the blood spatters, forensic scientist are able to conclude what really took place in the scene. Blood spatter normally tell the experts five important and oftentimes incriminating pieces of information about the crime. The positions of the blood spatters tell first, the activity at the scene. Second is the number of blows the victim received from the suspect or suspects. Third is the position of the victim and the assailant within the crime scene. Fourth is whether the death of victim was immediate or delayed. The fifth and last things that blood spatters tell are the characteristics of the weapon utilized by the assailant in attacking the victim (Waldrip, 2008). There a number of ways to analyze a blood spatter pattern. Given a room where blood is all over the wall, a person may conclude that the traumatic attack have been done all over the room. However, carefully following the rules on blood spatter analysis, forensics will definitely disagree. One way of knowing this fact is through the string convergence analysis. The string analysis is a common means of analyzing blood spatters. It utilizes strings that are attached to the points where blood has dropped. For instance, on a wall filled with blood droplets, an end of a string is pasted while the other end is pasted on another wall with a droplet. This is done with each remaining blood droplet all over the crime scene. If looked at by ordinary people, the pattern that will be formed by this activity may mean nothing. It will only look like a web created from a ball of yarn of string. However, for forensic experts, doing this will immediately tell them what they need to know (Carter, 2009). The pattern that was formed from the strings may look like a cobweb in the eyes of ordinary people, but to forensic experts, it already told the position where the victim was attacked. If observed carefully, the strings which were connected always meet in one area. The intersection or convergence point of all strings is the exact position of the victim when the attack occurred. From this, any lie or alibi given in relation to the position of the body will immediately be dismissed. The blood spatters unlike men, can not lie. As such, it is commonly believed more by judges and jurors (Carter, 2009). After the position of the victim is found, another form of blood analysis is done. The distance of the blood from victim is then measured. The measurement that is acquired from the distance always corresponds to a certain spatter velocity. This velocity also corresponds to a certain type of attack done to the victim (Waldrip, 2008). Low velocity blood spatter is typically indicated by five feet per second and three millimeter diameter and is usually dripping. Medium velocity blood spatter is on the other hand, indicated by five to twenty-five feet per second with less than three millimeter diameter. This type of velocity is commonly caused by blunt force trauma or sharp pr knife trauma. The third type of velocity is the high velocity spatter, which is more than one hundred feet per second with a spatter of less than one millimeter. This is indicative of gunshot trauma, power tools, and objects striking with extreme velocity or an explosion (Waldrip, 2008). Through the analysis of these different velocities of blood spatter, forensic investigators easily learn what the weapon of attack was used (Waldrip, 2008). This helps in identifying the weapon even if the suspect has disguised it, hid it, or completely eliminated it. This may incriminate the suspect or point the true criminal during litigation. Another use of blood spatter is in telling the angle of the impact of attack. This will point the position of the attacker from the victim and from where his arms began the movement for the attack. The tail of blood spatter is the most important aspect in this analytic strategy (Waldrip, 2008). In this analysis the most important things to look at are the positions of the drops. Drops that are circular are always from vertical positions. This means that the attack and position of the victim is above. This drop is commonly on the floor. If the blood droplets are on the wall, its elongation should be checked. As the angle increases, the drops usually elongate. This points that there is an existing distance between the attacker and the victim. If the angle is decreased, this may point that the attack was done point blank or in shorter distance from the victim (Waldrip, 2008). Other than these strategies, there still remaining other ways in blood analysis. Sometimes, when the blood flowed freely on the floor of the crime scene, forensics can easily tell that there are objects removed from the crime scene, perhaps by the criminal or accomplices. When the blood flowed freely on the floor of the scene, the area where there is no blood indicates that there had been an object in that place during the time of attack. The shape that was left by the object may help in locating this object which may be used as evidence against the criminal (Waldrip, 2008). Given these strategies or ways in analyzing blood spatters, it may be said that blood spatters or patterns of blood spills is a crucial part of a crime scene investigation. The many ways in which the blood patterns in a crime scene may be analyzed helps in deciphering certain information that other pieces of evidence may not be able to tell. Even though blood spatters are hard to look at, looking closely at it may actually help in incriminating the suspect of a crime. Criminals should keep in mind that even though the victims died the blood they leave behind will point out what really took place, where it was done, how exactly it was done and more importantly, who had done it. References Carter, F. (2009). â€Å"Blood Spatter Analysis†. Iprimus. com. Retrieved May 3, 2009 from http://home. iprimus. com. au/ararapaj/craigslea_testbed/Forensic%20Web%20Test%20 Site/blood_spatter_analysis. htm Castillo, F. (2009). â€Å"Forensic Blood Spatter Analysis- Stains and Spatter from Blood†. Ezinearticles. com. Retrieved May 3, 2009 from http://ezinearticles. com/? Forensic-Blood-Spatter-AnalysisStains-And-Spatter- From-Bloodid=934816 O ‘Neil, D. (2008). â€Å"Blood Components†. Palomar. edu. Retrieved May 3, 2009 From http://anthro. palomar. edu/blood/default. htm Waldrip, E. (2008). â€Å"Blood Spatter Analysis†. Basepairlibrary. com Retrieved May 3, 2009 From http://72. 14. 235. 132/search? q=cache:SqqvCngUOhAJ:basepair. library. umc. edu/FBL M/BASE%2520PAIR%2520LABS/CSI%2520UMMC/H%2520- %2520Blood%2520Spatter%2520Analysis. ppt+blood+splatter+analysiscd=8hl=tl ct=clnkgl=ph Abstract The blood spatters in a crime scene greatly help in identifying the truths in a crime. There are ways to analyze the blood spatters in a scene. The spatters can tell the acts that were done in the scene. It can also tell the area in the scene where the act was done. It can also tell the weapon that was used. Through this, the criminal who did the act may easily be incriminated and the judge and juror may easily give a decision.

Cisco Organizational Structure

Cisco Organizational Structure ABSTRACT: Cisco Systems, Inc. (Cisco), an Internet technology company, had an organizational structure comprising of various cross-functional teams. The key decisions in the company were taken by councils, boards and working groups. These committees (around 60 as of 2009) working at different levels were cross-functional in nature, and according to the company, lent Cisco speed, scale, flexibility, and rapid replication. Cisco had made the shift to this type of organizational structure in 2001 and had refined it in subsequent years. According to John T. Chambers (Chambers), the Chairman and CEO of Cisco, the company had reorganized to break free of the silo culture in the company prior to 2001, so that it could remain agile and innovative in a rapidly changing industry. The company felt that the traditional command-and-control model had lost its relevance, and the future would be about collaborate models of decision making. He also claimed that the new organizational model had served the company well and helped implement its aggressive growth strategy amidst the economic downturn. Industry observers and organizational experts were divided in their opinion about Ciscos organizational structure and approach to decision making. While some industry observers felt that such a model was effective, others felt that the management-by-committee approach would slow down decision making and impede innovation. Some experts were extremely critical of Ciscos organizational model. But others believed that if Cisco could further refine the model by addressing some of the lacunae associated with it, it could very well be adopted more widely and be accepted as a radical management innovation. Cisco was founded by a group of computer scientists, who had together designed a software system named IOS (Internet Operating System), which could send streams of data from one computer to another. Right from its initial years, Cisco had a flat organizational structure. Over the years, the company had brought about certain changes in its organizational structure focusing on cross functional teams Speaking about the organizations structure, Chambers, said, Our organization structure leverages the power of communities of interest which we call councils which we believe are $10 billion opportunities, boards that we see as $1 billion opportunities and working groups. The idea for the new structure occurred during the economic down turn in 2001, when Cisco wrote off US$2.2 billion in losses. Realizing the Ciscos hierarchical structure was preventing it from moving fast, Chambers started grouping executives into cross-functional teams In late 2008, while Ciscos stock was witnessing a decline, analysts said that the company was still in a strong financial position with US$26 billion in cash. Not only do we have the $26 billion, we now have 26 new market adjacencies that are not relevant to our revenue today, but they will be three to four years from now, said Chambers. Some industry observers and analysts felt that Ciscos organizational structure and its collaborative approach to decision making was an effective one potentially the organization of the future. Now instead of a small group of executives telling everybody else what to do, people have authority to figure out for themselves what to do. However, some analysts and ex-employees of Cisco were not happy with the new organizational structure at Cisco. The structure led to chaos and slowed down decision making at times, they said. Right now its chaos because theres so much on everybodys plate, said Geoffrey Moore, a management consultant who has worked with Cisco. Chambers acknowledged that his critics could be right in their criticism of Ciscos organizational structure and its approach to decision making. However, he said that the company had arrived at its organizational structure after giving a lot of thought to it, continuously refining it since it was introduced in 2001. In November 2009, speaking about Ciscos future strategy, Chambers said, The improving economic outlook combined with what appears to be a very solid execution on our growth strategy due to our organization structure and innovative business model enabled Cisco to move into 30 plus market adjacencies while reducing non-GAAP operating expenses by 10% ye ar over year and also reducing headcount.à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Tips to answer the tasks: CASE DETAILS: Period: 2001-2010 Published Date: 2010 Organisation: Cisco Systems. Inc. Industry: Information Technology Countries: US ; Global Consider key words like matrix structure, functional or operational structure and the like. TASK -1 COMPARE: Cisco organizational structure. The company use to organizational structure silo (flat) before use to 2001. But the company use to organizational structure cross (matrix) after use to 2001. The company use to silo structure so the company communication is easily. but the company use to matrix structure so the company communication is difficult. The company use to silo structure so the company work is hierarchic. But the company use to matrix structure so the company work is individual. The company use to silo structure so the company is not made good product. But the company use to matrix structure so the company is made good product. The company use to silo structure so the company is going to loss. But the company use to matrix Structure so the company are good profit. CONTRAST: Cisco organizational structure Silo (flat) Cross (matrix) This company is work hierarchic. This company is not come to new idea made the product. This company is same work of every people. This company is made many IT product. But product is not good. This structure is going to company loss to $2.2 billion. This company is work of individual. This company is come to new idea made the product. This company is diffident work of every group. This company is made IT product very good. This company is made profit use to this structure. TASK -2 ANALYSES: The company use to organizational structure silo (flat) before use to 2001. The company use to silo structure so the company communication is easily. The company use to silo structure so the company is not made good product. The company use to silo structure so the company is not made good product. The company use to silo structure so the company is going to loss. This company is not come to new idea made the product. The company is same work of every people. The company is made many IT product. But product is not good. The structure is going to company loss to $2.2 billion. This reason company was decline stage. The company business process is slow. The company was going to market. The company sales are decline. So the company business performance is bad. The company use to organizational structure cross (matrix) after use at 2001. The company use to matrix structure so the company communication is difficult. The company use to matrix structure so the company work is individual. the company use to matrix structure so the company is made good product. the company use to matrix Structure so the company are good profit. This company is come to new idea made the product. This company is diffident work of every group. The company is made IT product very good. The company is made profit use to this structure. The company use to this structure business performance is good. So the company work is improvement. The company is come to market. The company is financial strong. The company was made new product.In November 2009, speaking about Ciscos future strategy, Chambers said, The improving economic outlook combined with what appears to be a very solid execution on our growth strategy due to our organization structure and innovative business mo del enabled Cisco to move into 30 plus market adjacencies while reducing non-GAAP operating expenses by 10% year over year and also reducing headcount. TASK -3 Organization structures affect the individual behaviour at work. The individual behaviour at works affect the factorsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. 1. Flexibility 2. Motionvational 3. Authority 4. Scope / Idea 5. Environalment 6. Society 1. Flexibility: the company use to new organization structure .so the company employees are individual work do freedom. The employees work do end any time and go to home. 2. Motionvational: A group the works do end go home. So other group work is fast. So he is go to home. The employees performance is improvement of salary, promotion etc. 3. Authority: the company is made many products. So the company made product 1. So product 1 groups different. Product 1 any massages go to individual department. Product 1 groups any decision do them self 4. Scope / Idea: the company deviated the product different groups. The group made the product new idea. The product made new technology. 5. Environalment: the company in the work employees any cast. The employees do work in deviated. Employees are into the company happy for every people. 6. Society: the company is made in the good society. The employee is works in the company before give the company of money. The employees take the money and develop the your personality. . MERIT TASK -4 Present and communicate the appropriate organisational structure and culture for the case in discussion. (M3.1) This case in the company use to cross (matrix) organization structure. This organization structure company for very good. The new organizational structure at Cisco. The structure led to chaos and slowed down decision making at times, they said. Right now its chaos because theres so much on everybodys plate, said Geoffrey Moore, a management consultant who has worked with Cisco. Chambers acknowledged that his critics could be right in their criticism of Ciscos organizational structure and its approach to decision making. However, he said that the company had arrived at its organizational structure after giving a lot of thought to it, continuously refining it since it was introduced in 2001. In November 2009, speaking about Ciscos future strategy, Chambers said, The improving economic outlook combined with what appears to be a very solid execution on our growth strategy due to our organization structure and innovative business model enabled Cisco to move into 30 plus market adjacencies while reducing non-GAAP operating expenses by 10% year over year and also reducing headcount. The company use to organizational structure cross (matrix) after use at 2001. The company use to matrix structure so the company communication is difficult. The company use to matrix structure so the company work is individual. The company use to matrix structure so the company is made good product. The company use to matrix Structure so the company are good profit. This company is come to new idea made the product. This company is diffident work of every group. The company is made IT product very good. The company is made profit use to this structure. The company use to this structure business performance is good. So the company work is improvement. The company is come to market. The company is financial strong. The company was made new product. the company use to new organization structure .so the company employees are individual work do freedom. The employees work do end any time and go to home. A group the works do end go home. So other group work is fast. So he is go to home. The employees performance is improvement of salary, promotion etc.

Comparing Ursula K. LeGuin’s Forgiveness Day and Nicola Griffith’s Ammo

Comparing Ursula K. LeGuin’s Forgiveness Day and Nicola Griffith’s Ammonite   Ã‚  Ã‚   In Ammonite, Nicola Griffith tells the story of one woman’s encounter with and assimilation into the culture of an alien world.   Ursula K. LeGuin’s â€Å"Forgiveness Day† similarly recounts one woman’s experiences as she confronts an alien culture.   In both cases, these women, Solly in â€Å"Forgiveness Day† and Marghe in Ammonite, learn about themselves as their position shifts away from that of an outsider and they find their place in society.   Although there are similarities in the characters’ backgrounds, their journeys, and their quest for belonging, there are fundamental differences in the process the characters go through in order to find a place where they belong.   Specifically,   LeGuin and Griffith mirror one another in describing the causal relationship between accepting oneself and participating in a romantic partner relationship.   This difference is telling as it reflects the differing attitudes towa rds the role of romantic partnerships in one’s growth process as well as in society as a whole.   Ã‚  Ã‚   As these stories begin, both Marghe and Solly are striking in their lack of attachments to the outside world.   Moreover, they confident in their professional abilities and proud of their independence.   In their freedom, both are spiritual orphans.   Marghe’s mother is dead and she is not in contact with her father.   In addition, she has no real friends and is distrustful of her colleagues on Jeep.   Solly is also an orphan in a very real sense; she has spent most of her life in space, and the technical restrictions of travel mean that as she traveled she would skip â€Å"another half millennium in the process† (LeGuin 47).   Her parents, as well as anyone ... ...serve â€Å"with great distinction as a Stabile† (123).   Solly finds places to belong, and Teyeo finds he belongs at her side.   Marghe is only able to find a place and fall in love after she has truly come to know and understand herself.   She joins a family, helps to support it, and learns to belong.   Romantic love, instead of making her belong, becomes possible only after Marghe has taken significant steps towards finding her place rn the world.   Nonetheless, in both cases, the authors demonstrate their characters’ need for true human contact and companionship and their own belief that such contact is an important part of life.   To become whole, the outsider must come in.    Works Cited Griffith, Nicola.   Ammonite.   Toronto: Ballantine Books, 1992. LeGuin, Ursula K.   â€Å"Forgiveness Day.†Ã‚   Four Ways to Forgiveness.   New York: HarperPaperbacks, 1995.   Pp. 47-124.

Downfall of the Governess in The Turn of the Screw by Henry James Essay

Downfall of the Governess in The Turn of the Screw by Henry James In the governess's insane pseudo-reality and through her chilling behavior, she managed to bring downfall to Flora and Miles, the children of Bly. With compulsively obsessive actions, irrational assumptions, and demented hallucinations, the governess perceived ghosts bearing evil intentions were attempting to corrupt and destroy the children she had taken the role of care for. In reality, the governess herself brought tragedy to the children through her own selfishness and insanity. From the first interactions with the young children, the governess's infatuation with their uncle, her employer, eventually proved to be her own failure in every fashion. In talk with the head maid, Ms. Grose, the governess explained her meeting with her employer and how she had fallen in love with him on their first meeting. Ms. Grose then began to explain that that was the nature of the her employer, to draw a women he could entrust his estate to, and that the governess was not the only one so taken by him to leave the infatuated governess without further communication. In restless sleep and longing for contact with those outside of Bly-- particularly her employer-- the governess placed hope in chance meetings of random individuals. In her walk in the yard, the governess began to wish for the sight of her employer who she was still madly in love with. The governess's desire to see him and receive his reassuring approval conceived the ghost of what was later revealed to be Peter Quint she believed she had seen. Later in her climax of interaction with her ghosts, the governess is afraid that the master will come home, for she is fearful of what he will think of her. ... ...d in the governess's eyes. After feeling she had lost Flora to the ghost, when in reality the governess had scared the child to death, Miles still shown to be a ray of hope for the demented governess. She refused to leave him alone and began to become angry and suspicious of his corruption when he would ask of his desire for schooling. In the governess's last attempt to consume the children for herself, she sends Ms. Grose away with the sickly Flora and keeps Miles with her at Bly. After her last vision of Quint and with Miles dilapidated in her ineludable arms, the governess frightens Miles so that he collapses and dies, by the governess's conniving will, and to her own bane. Although the governess seemed to have good intentions, her root of mind was self-serving and deceptive. Works Cited: James, Henry. "The Turn of the Screw." Esch and Warren 1-85.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essays -- Biography Biographies Bio

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart is perhaps the greatest musical genius who ever lived. Mozart 's full name is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Most people called him Mozart or Wolfgang. Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria, January 27, 1756. His father, Leopold, perhaps the greatest influence on Mozart's life, was the vice Kapellmeister (assistant choir director) to the Archbishop of Salzburg at the time of Mozart's birth. Mozart was actually christened as "Joannes Chrysotomus Wolfgangus Theophilus," but adopted the Latin term "Amadeus" as his name of choice. Mozart was one of seven children born to Leopold and Anna, however, only one other sibling survived.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By the age of four it was evident that he possessed tremendous musical talent and music memory. His father, a master violinist and composer, decided to enroll young Wolfgang in harpsichord lessons. At age five Mozart was composing music and by age six he had mastered the keyboard. By his early teens, he had mastered the piano, violin, and harpsichord. He began composing minuets at the age of 5 and symphonies at age 9. In 1762, Mozart and his elder sister Maria Anna (best known as Nannerl) who was also a gifted keyboard player, were taken by their father on a short performing tour, of the courts at Vienna and Munich. Encouraged by their reception, they embarked the next year on a longer tour, including two weeks at Versailles, where the children enchanted Louis XV. In 1764 they arrived in London. Here Mozart wrote his first three symphonies, under the influence of Johann Christian Bach, youngest son of Johann Sebastian, who lived in the city. In Paris, Mozart publi shed his first works:four sonatas for clavier: with accompanying violin in 1764. After their return to Salzburg there followed three trips to Italy between 1769 and 1773.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1768 he composed his first opera, LA FINTA SEMPLICE, for Vienna; but conflicts prevented its performance, and it was first presented a year later at Salzburg. Mozart was a successful composer and violinist. He used the form of concerto (like the Symphony, in several section) to display the qualities of wind instruments, like the horn. His crowning achievements in concerto form, however, are for piano and orchestra - in all 25 works. Mozart's performances of his own piano concertos had much to do with the development of the instrument. In 1770, he began to ... ...him to ask Mozart to compose a Requiem Mass - a Mass for the Dead. But the nobleman wished to pass the music off as his own. Mozart agreed, not knowing the strangers true intention.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mozart may had died of a number of illnesses. The official diagnosis was miliary fever, but the truth is that the physicians who attended him were never quite sure what Mozart died of. He suffered from rheumatic pain, headaches, toothaches, skin eruptions, and lethargy. A common theory today is that Mozart died of uremia following chronic kidney disease. Regardless of the cause, Mozart became bedridden for the last two weeks of his life. He died at shortly after midnight on December 5th, 1791, aged thirty-five years, eleven months, and nine days. Bibliography Einstein, Alfred. Mozart, His Character, His Work. New York, 1962. Knepler, Georg. Wolfgang Amadà © Mozart. Cambridge, 1994. Landon, H.C. Robbins. 1791: Mozart's Last Year. New York, 1988. Steve Boerner. The Mozart Project, Revised December 20, 2000 http://www.Mozartproject.org ? . The Mozart Story, http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Delphi/6014/ Mozart Addicts Home Page http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/Strasse/8417/

Discuss significance of scene to the film as a whole and identify techniques – Tyrell Corporation – Deckard, Rachael and Tyrell

This scene establishes the position of Tyrell and illustrates his power. The mammoth size of the Tyrell Corporation implies the complete power of the Tyrell Corporation over society. The building is structured like a Mayan pyramid perhaps representing the similarity between the Mayans and Los Angeles as presented by Ridley Scott in 2019. The Mayans having built mammoth, aesthetically impenetrable cities were forced to flee the cities as vine and jungle took over the city. It was later revealed the Mayans had no agriculture skills and had a lack of understanding of nature. Los Angeles 2019 is not dissimilar. Earth has been drained of its natural resources and left to decay. The scene inside the Tyrell Corporation opens with a full shot of owl eyes. Deckard inquires, â€Å"is it artificial†, Rachael answers â€Å"of course†. The reader realizes the true extent of the artificial nature of this society. This confirms that artificial objects have taken over nature – first humans and now animals. The owl is relatively indistinguishable from a ‘real' owl, raising the persistent question ‘what is natural?' The owl is also associated with Tyrell; representing his false wisdom. The viewer is first introduced to Rachael and Deckard in natural light – this is the first time the viewer sees the natural source of light in the film. The sun can be seen as a metaphor for their real love for one another. The artificial surroundings of the Tyrell Corporation and the world below greatly contrast with the sense of the natural world the sun is symbolic of. Natural light quickly disappears as Deckard commences the Voigh-Kampff test demonstrating the artificial nature of the Tyrell Corporation and simultaneously the world below. This scene establishes the position of the Tyrell Corporation and the characters in the film. The viewer realizes the true extent of Tyrell's power. Perhaps more importantly the viewer is introduced to the key issue of the film ‘What is natural?' and illustrates how the natural and artificial are indistinguishable. Tyrell's Death – Tyrell, Sebastian and Batty The scene again begins with a close-up of the artificial owl reinforcing the false wisdom of Tyrell and the question of what is natural or artificial? Tyrell's room is also very large further emphasizing his power and position. The surroundings are pristine and luxurious; Tyrell's bed was actually modeled on the bed of Pope John Paul II. This illustrates Tyrell's affinity to the role of God and his role as creator. Tyrell is presented as arrogant, smug and extremely patronizing, â€Å"you burnt so very, very brightly Roy†. Tyrell is impersonal and cold towards his ‘son' in his quest for life; he does not offer any sympathy or comfort. This is a subtle way Ridley Scott makes the viewer empathise with Roy. However this is somewhat altered following the brutality of Tyrell's death. The method of Tyrell's death emphasizes his false wisdom and inability to see the consequences of his actions. Roy removes Tyrell's glasses before crushing his scull allowing Tyrell to finally see the consequences of his actions – although it is too late. The fact that Roy has killed his creator is significant to the overall themes presented in the film. The killing of Tyrell can be seen as representing how man has killed nature (essentially this is creation killing creator) in our own society and emphasizes the complete destruction of the environment of Los Angeles 2019 as represented by Ridley Scott.

Preventing The Spread Of Hpv Health And Social Care Essay

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, states, â€Å" Genital human papillomavirus, or HPV, is the most common sexually familial infection † ( What is HPV? ) . In fact, harmonizing to The American Social Health Association ( ASHA ) , â€Å" 6 million new venereal HPV instances occur each twelvemonth, about 1/3 of all new Sexually Transmitted Disease ( STD ) infections † ( Learn About HPV Fast Facts ) . Not merely does HPV infect the venereal countries of males and females, HPV can besides infect the oral cavity and pharynx. HPV can be contracted during vaginal and anal sex and may besides be passed on during unwritten sex and genital-to-genital contact. This means condom usage entirely does non protect an person against the disease. What is spoting about the disease is it can be passed from one person to the following even when the septic individual has no marks or symptoms. Furthermore, a individual can hold HPV even if several old ages have passed sinc e he or she had sexual contact with an septic individual. â€Å" Most septic individuals do non recognize they are infected or that they are go throughing the virus on to a sex spouse † ( What is HPV? ) . In 2006, the pharmaceutical company Merck introduced Gardasil, a vaccinum to protect against four types of HPV. Harmonizing to the information found on the Gardasil web site, â€Å" In misss and immature adult females ages 9-26, Gardasil protects against two types of HPV that cause cervical malignant neoplastic disease and two more that cause venereal warts. In male childs and immature work forces ages 9-26, it protects against venereal warts † ( Gardasil ) . This vaccinum caused rather a contention as Merck has recommended that kids the age of 11 would be the most good group to have the vaccinum since they are most likely yet to be sexually active. Many parents have been uncomfortable with the thought of immunising their kid ( ren ) against what most see merely a sexually familial disease or infection ( STI ) . However, some provinces discussed doing it compulsory with Texas making so in 2007. While an person will have the full benefits of the vaccinum if inoculated before go ing sexually active, the vaccinum can still be effectual even if given after a individual becomes sexually active. Ideally, all 50 provinces will do the vaccinum mandatary. To guarantee these inoculations are being given, there is another group of persons that should be required to acquire the vaccinum or demo cogent evidence of holding received it. With so many college pupils sexually active and half of sexually active people transporting HPV it is imperative for persons come ining their first twelvemonth of college or university to demo cogent evidence of the Gardasil inoculation. When Gardasil was introduced, it proved effectual in forestalling two strains of HPV linked to cervical malignant neoplastic disease and two strains linked to venereal warts. Specifically, the promotional web site for Gardasil says, â€Å" Gardasil is the lone HPV vaccinum that helps protect against four types of HPV. In misss and immature adult females ages 9-26, Gardasil helps protect against two types of HPV that cause about 75 % of cervical malignant neoplastic disease instances, and two more types that cause 90 % of venereal warts instances. † The vaccinum is besides available to males. â€Å" In male childs and immature work forces ages 9-26, Gardasil helps protect against 90 % of venereal warts instances † ( What is Gardasil? ) When Gardasil was introduced, it was available merely to immature misss and adult females. This can make rather the societal shame on a immature adult female who wants to protect herself. It fundamentally puts the load of forestalling venereal warts on females. Now, adult females entirely do n't hold to keep the duty. In 2009, the Gardasil vaccinum became available to work forces. As Shobha Krishnan, M.D. points out in her interview with the American Social Health Association ( ASHA ) , â€Å" it ‘s good to include work forces in HPV vaccinum plans because making so means that HPV is n't seen as merely a adult female ‘s infection, so adult females entirely do n't bear all of the stigma † ( The HPV Vaccine Controversy: Sexual activity, Cancer, God, and Politicss: An Interview With Shobha Krishnan, M.D. ) . Work force can have the exact same vaccinum that adult females do. This is highly of import because it is estimated that in the United States, each minute, there is a new instance of venereal warts. Two out of three people will acquire venereal warts after holding any sort of venereal contact with person infected. Genital warts, harmonizing to the CDC, normally appear as a little bump or group of bumps in the venereal country. They can be little or big, raised or level, or shaped like Brassica oleracea botrytis. Health attention suppliers can name warts by looking at the venereal country during an office visit. Warts can look within hebdomads or months after sexual contact with an septic spouse – even if the septic spouse has no marks of venereal warts. If left untreated, venereal warts might travel off, remain unchanged, or increase in size or figure. Rarely, these types of HPV can besides do warts in the pharynx – a status called perennial respiratory papillomastosis ( RRP ) . These warts can sometimes barricade the air passage, doing a gruff voice or troubled external respiration. It bears reiterating, an person does non hold to hold intercourse with an septic individual to acquire venereal warts because rubbers do non cover the full venereal country. In fact, because HPV is so common, it ‘s difficult to avoid wholly. If adult females and work forces come ining college who have n't received the vaccinum are required to make so, this could greatly diminish the figure of instances of venereal warts. The load of HPV should n't fall merely on adult females ; a good comparing to do would be the vaccinum versus unwritten preventives, or birth control pills. The side effects of Gardasil are truly no more inauspicious than those of birth control ( unwritten preventives ) . Harmonizing to ASHA, the CDC and FDA found the figure of blood coagulums in those who ‘ve been vaccinated is approximately the same as found in those who take birth control pills, as is the figure of people with progressive muscular failing. Harmonizing to WebMD, there are side effects of birth control pills although the bulk are non serious. They include nausea, weight addition, sore or conceited chests, little sums of blood between periods, lighter periods, temper alterations. The undermentioned side effects are less common but more serious: abdominal hurting, thorax hurting, concerns, oculus jobs, swelling and/or hurting in the legs and thighs. In add-on, you should non take hormonal preventives if you have had blood coagulums, bosom or liver disease, or malignant neoplastic disease of the chest or womb ( Nihira ) There is no more of a menace to a adult female having the Gardasil vaccinum than there is birth control. Sing that most adult females are taking an unwritten preventive to forestall an unwanted gestation, it would be prudent to besides desire to protect oneself from a disease that can take to unwanted malignant neoplastic disease. In fact, more and more adult females are making more to protect themselves, non merely from gestation, but from sexual diseases every bit good. Harmonizing to Kathleen Doheny in her article for The Washington Post, â€Å" from 1995 to 2002, the per centum of American adult females who said they received prophylactic services rose from 34 to 41 % . Overall, the per centum of adult females having all sexual and generative wellness attention services – including non merely birth control but besides such services as STD ( Sexually Transmitted Diseases ) testing and Pap trials – remained changeless at 74 % , the study found † ( Doheny ) . As the statistic shows, 74 % of adult females receive Pap trials, which can be an early sensor of cervical malignant neoplastic disease. But why non take it one measure further and protect yourself against the virus that can do it? Doctors do urge contending off cervical malignant neoplastic disease with regular Pap trials, which has helped extenuate the instances of cervical malignant neoplastic disease. But, for those people that are sexually active, and 56 % of college pupils are, the Gardasil vaccinum would be merely another method for protection. In the same manner a adult female on the birth control pill should still utilize a rubber with her spouse, a sexually active college pupil should utilize rubbers and be vaccinated to assist forestall HPV related diseases. As mentioned above, side effects are an issue sing this vaccinum every bit good. In July 2008, simply two old ages after the vaccinum was released, Sharyl Attkisson did an fact-finding study for CBS News, Vaccine Watch: Gardasil Side Effects? In her article she spoke to households of immature adult females who believe the Gardasil HPV Vaccine may hold – or did in fact – do their kid ‘s serious unwellness. In one instance, a immature adult female who received the vaccinum subsequently developed Autoimmune Myofasciitis. She is now a inveterate sick individual, â€Å" who takes a smattering of pills a twenty-four hours merely to maintain her unwellness tolerable † ( Attkisson ) . A twelvemonth subsequently in August 2009, Radha Chitale wrote a study for ABC News called, CDC Report Stirs Controversy for Merck ‘s Gardasil Vaccine. This study links â€Å" 32 unconfirmed deceases and shows higher incidences of fainting and blood coagulums than other vaccinums † ( Chitale ) . There will ever be side effects and possible inauspicious effects associated with vaccinums. Side effects occur instantly after the injection. Merck indicates on the Gardasil web site that â€Å" common side effects include hurting, swelling, rubing, bruising, and inflammation at the injection side, concern, giddiness, emesis, and fainting † ( Gardasil ) . Adverse effects occur hebdomads subsequently and may or may non be a consequence of the vaccinum and other factors could come into drama. Thirty-two deceases associated with a vaccinum are nil to price reduction, but in the whole strategy of things there is n't anything unusual about this. At this clip over 16 million doses of Gardasil have been distributed in the United States. Harmonizing to the CDC, â€Å" given the big figure of doses distributed, it is expected that by opportunity entirely, serious inauspicious events and some deceases will be reported in this big population during the clip period following inoculation s † ( Information from FDA and CDC on Gardasil and its Safety ) . In fact, both the CDC and the Federal Drug and Food Administration, or FDA, monitors the safety of all vaccinums through the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, or VAERS. â€Å" As of June 30, 2008, there have been 9,749 VAERS studies of inauspicious events following Gardasil Vaccination. Of these, 94 % were classified as studies of non-serious events, and 6 % serious events † ( Information from FDA and CDC on Gardasil and its Safety ) . As of this study, 20 deceases were to hold been caused by the Gardasil vaccinum, but this does n't intend that a common form was created. And, â€Å" in instances where necropsy, decease certifications and medical records were available, the cause of decease was explained by factors other than the vaccinum † ( Information from FDA and CDC on Gardasil and its Safety ) . ABC News Chief Medical Editor Dr. Timothy Johnson provinces, â€Å" I am really much in favour of childhood vaccinums, [ but ] I do n't believe we yet know the long term benefits or hazards. I ‘m taking a base on balls on this 1 † ( Chitale ) . Typically when a vaccinum is released, many people are dying to have it. Think of the Flu or H1N1, we are so willing to protect ourselves against these societal diseases that are easy dispersed. Many people were even willing to stand in line for hours to have the vaccinum. In fact, most colleges and universities require pupils to be immunized against some diseases. For illustration, â€Å" The University of Nebraska at Omaha ( UNO ) follows the Center for Disease Control and Preventions ‘ recommendation for immunisation. To forestall the possibility of a rubeolas outbreak happening, UNO requires that all new ( including transportation and alumnus ) pupils show cogent evidence of immunisation or unsusceptibility † ( Pr e-Enrollment Health Requirement ) . The purpose to protect pupils from rubeolas, a disease that seldom affects grownups in the United States, should be the same for protecting pupils against HPV. Harmonizing to the World Health Organization ‘s web site, â€Å" in 2008, there were 164,000 rubeolas deceases globally. † However, harmonizing to the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases ‘ web site, â€Å" of the 140 reported confirmed instances of rubeolas [ in the United States ] reported in 2008, about 25 % occurred among grownups † ( Measles ) . It should be noted that, â€Å" College and university pupils are at increased hazard for rubeolas, and should have two doses of the MMR vaccinum to guarantee equal protection † ( Measles ) . But as the 2008 statistic shows, the instances of rubeolas are rather minimum. â€Å" Most instances of rubeolas in the United States now result from infections acquired in other states or are linked to such imported instances † ( World Health Organization, Measles ) . It should besides be noted that the figure of kids in the universe having one dosage of the rubeolas vaccinum is up 11 % , from 72 % in 2000 to 83 % in 2008. While the figure of people having the vaccinum is traveling up, rubeolas is still a really contagious virus. With so many people on college and university campuses in close contact with one another, particularly the residence halls, it merely makes sense to necessitate a pupil show cogent evidence of inoculation for entry. While non transmitted sexually, rubeolas is a societal disease. Just being in the same room as the septic individual can infect a individual. But as mentioned above, in 2008 entirely, merely 25 % of 140 grownups were confirmed to hold rubeolas. Compare that to the 6 million new instances of HPV each twelvemonth. Based on those Numberss, a university or college pupil is more likely to develop HPV than they are rubeolas. Furthermore, with rubeolas, the symptoms come on rapidly and a individual can rapidly travel to the physician to have the proper attention. In the instance of HPV it ‘s non even cognize how many of these instances turn to venereal warts. After reaching the Nebraska Department for Health and Human Services to happen a statistic for the figure of instances of venereal warts, I was told this was untraceable. Since the symptoms of HPV can put hibernating for old ages, it is prudent that university and college pupils protect themselves, and each other from something that is so easy spread. It ‘s of import to indicate out that even though most instances of cervical malignant neoplastic disease derive from HPV, any adult female can acquire cervical malignant neoplastic disease. Harmonizing to The Cancer Sourcebook for Women, â€Å" the uterine neck is the lower portion of the womb that connects to the vagina. It is portion of the female generative system. † ( Sutton, 59 ) It takes a long clip for cervical malignant neoplastic disease to develop and it goes through many stages before the malignant neoplastic disease really appears. â€Å" The cells of the neck go through alterations known as dysplasia, in which unnatural cells begin to look in the cervical tissue. Later, malignant neoplastic disease cells start to turn and distribute more deeply into the neck and to environing countries. † ( Sutton, 59 ) HPV is the primary factor for cervical malignant neoplastic disease, but non the lone factor. Cervical malignant neoplastic disease is n't needfully related to person ‘s sexual history. Meaning, a individual does non hold to be sexually active to acquire it. No 1 wants malignant neoplastic disease, no affair what sort it is. In fact, there is a large push in this state to free society of malignant neoplastic disease, to happen a remedy. There is non merely an full month dedicated to the cause of chest malignant neoplastic disease, one can probably happen activities or fundraisers throughout the twelvemonth to raise money and consciousness for the disease. Cancer should n't be discriminated against. And with promotions in scientific discipline everyday, we should take advantage of any chance given to forestall the disease. â€Å" In 2006, 11,982 adult females in the United States were told they have cervical malignant neoplastic disease, and 3,976 died from the disease † ( Cervical Cancer ) . Besides, there is no information available at this clip, but potentially , work forces received Gardasil can protect themselves from signifiers of malignant neoplastic disease related to HPV every bit good ; anal and penial malignant neoplastic disease. This is still being researched. To sum up, contending HPV and its subsequent diseases should non be left to adult females entirely. Men, excessively, can assist to forestall the spread of venereal warts and malignant neoplastic disease. College adult females and work forces can be responsible for what could potentially be the terminal of an untraceable STI and besides cut down the figure of malignant neoplastic disease instances. Furthermore, Gardasil is no more harmful than birth control, a widely accepted prescription medical specialty. If 74 % of adult females are willing to be tested for cervical malignant neoplastic disease and at the same clip protect themselves from unwanted gestations, 100 % of college and university pupils need to assist prevent malignant neoplastic disease and venereal warts. True, there are some inauspicious effects linked to the vaccinum, the Federal Food and Drug Administration, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, have proved the overall safety of the vaccinum. There will ever be inauspicious effects associated with any vaccinum. There is nil outside of the norm for Gardasil. Not merely is the vaccinum safe, but besides people should n't see it as a vaccinum against a sexually familial disease. College and university pupils are required to protect themselves against societal diseases such as the rubeolas. Since most pupils receive the rubeolas vaccine at a immature age, the hurt of rubeolas has been mitigated. In fact, a college or university pupil is less likely to acquire rubeolas than they are HPV, thanks in portion to a vaccinum. The Gardasil vaccinum should be viewed as any other vaccinum, necessary to halt a societal disease. Above all, if there is an chance to diminish the instances of malignant neoplastic disease and the figure of people deceasing from it, immature people should take advantage of that. At this point in clip, this is the closest thing to a remedy. Furthermore, since cervical malignant neoplastic disease can impact every adult female, non merely those that are sexually active, Gardasil should non be viewed as a vaccinum for merely a sexually familial disease. With so many college pupils sexually active and half of sexually active people transporting HPV it is imperative for persons come ining their first twelvemonth of college to demo cogent evidence of the Gardasil inoculation. If a pupil can non demo cogent evidence, they should be required to acquire inoculated before entry into the college/university is granted. While having the shootings at age 11 or before a individual becomes sexually active would be the most good, college and university pupils should be held accountable. The most of import thing to retrieve is that as a society we have an chance to extinguish a serious disease and extenuate a really common societal disease.

Uses of Job Description

Usefulness of Job Description 1. It Helps identify a job, distinguishing it from other jobs by its title. 2. It serves as a guide in employee recruitment, selection, and placement. 3. It establishes proper relationship between one job and the others within the same salary bracket. 4. It facilitates comparisons with similar jobs in other firms for purposes of wage surveys. 5. It serves as a guide in the organization and administration of a department, division, section, or unit. 6. It helps to form lines of promotion or transfer and to spot employees who need further training. . It contributes to the personal satisfaction of every individual employee with his job. Components of Job Design Job specialization Job expansion Psychological components Self-directed teams Motivation and incentive systems Ergonomics and work methods Job Specialization †¢ Involves o Breaking jobs into small component parts o Assigning specialists to do each part †¢ First noted by Adam Smith (1776) o Observed how workers in pin factory divided tasks into smaller components †¢ Found in manufacturing & service industriesJob Specialization Often Reduces Cost †¢ Greater dexterity & faster learning †¢ Less lost time changing jobs or tools †¢ Use more specialized tools †¢ Pay only for needed skills Job Expansion Process of adding more variety to jobs Intended to reduce boredom associated with labor specialization Methods o Job enlargement o Job enrichment o Job rotation o Employee empowerment Psychological Components of Job Design †¢ Individuals have values, attitudes, and emotions that affect job results o Example: Work is a social experience that affects belonging needs Effective worker behavior comes mostly from within the individual o Scientific management argued for external financial rewards †¢ First examined in ‘Hawthorne studies’ Self-Directed Teams Group of empowered individuals working together for a common goal May be organize d for short-term or long-term objectives Reasons for effectiveness o Provide employee empowerment o Provide core job characteristics o Meet psychological needs (e. g. , belonging) Motivation Worker performance depends on o Motivation o Ability o Work environmentMotivation is the set of forces that compel behavior Money may serve as a psychological & financial motivator Incentive systems o Measured daywork: Pay based on standard time o Piece rate: Pay based on pieces done Ergonomics and Work Methods Worker performance depends on o Motivation o Ability o Work environment Foundation laid by Frederick Taylor o Match employees to task o Develop work methods o Establish work standards Ergonomics Study of work Also called ‘human factors’ Involves human-machine interface Examples o Mouse o Keyboard

Factors Affecting Travel To Long Haul Destinations Report Essay

In this report I will talk about how factors affect travelling to long haul destinations and in this I will include: time zones, climate, seasonality and extreme climate conditions, travel restrictions, entry and exit requirements, health issues and social situations. In this report I will cover all of those with destinations such as : Australia, North Africa, Thailand, Indonesia, South Africa and few more. Time zones have a big effect on travelling to long haul destinations as people can get a jet lag which can ruin their holiday experience as they have to rest to get rid of it before they get active into more activities that they want to do whilst on holiday. The enjoyment of anything they do is reduced when they are jet lagged. Insomnia which is not being able to sleep properly is a very common side effect of jet lag and that is caused by the fact you wake up during the night and then sleep during the day which is caused by circadian rhythms being disturbed. Even NASA have estimat ed that you need 1 day of recovery for every time zone you cross to get back to normal so for example if it takes you 8 hours to get to Australia and you go from GMT to GMT+8 then you should have 8 days of recovery before you can actually be normal. This is also an issue with business trips as businessman need to get their thoughts straight on their work and projects as they land and sometimes they can’t because of the loss of concentration from jet lag. This is a big effect on business travel long haul as the employee’s aren’t as successful. The World Health Organization have also discovered that about 50% of people that travel to long haul destinations can catch more infections and illnesses to the lowering of human resistance which is what should fight any illnesses and infections and it cannot do it due to it fighting with the jet lag. The air in the aircraft is also not the same as on the ground and it gets you really dehydrated. British Airways have a jet lag calculator which you can use before your trip and it gives you tips on how to prevent jet lag and what to do to prevent it. Another risk of such a long flight like Australia can cause deep vein thrombosis which can be really fatal if not taken car e of as it can pop and enter straight to your lungs. It has been proven by the World Health Organization Research that the risk of deep vein thrombosis happening doubles. This is caused by the lack of movement and there are tips  on a lot of website of exercises you can do on the plane to avoid the risk and also to buy some in flight socks. Climate and seasonality also have a big effect ton travelling to long haul destinations but that is just because of people not checking and not being informed about important information. Australia has different seasons than England does. Australia’s hottest months are during Christmas time so if someone wants the best out of their weather they would be best to go at that time. People also aren’t aware of the monsoon season in Thailand which is a season of heavy rain falls. Travelling during that period of time is sometimes even more than 50% cheaper however you have to be prepared for worse rainfalls and worse storms than in the UK which not a lot of people like when they go on holidays. In march 2011 there was flooding in Koh Tao which lead to the evacuation of all people and if this happened whil st you were on your holiday it would totally ruin your holiday experience. When it comes to the extreme climate conditions such as the tropical cyclones which happen in the South Pacific Ocean on the South of the equator. There has been a Tropical storm in Mexico in 2013 leaving people with no way to get to the airport with one pair of shorts, sandals and a top waiting to be rescued. People are scared of visiting such destinations due to the risk of something like this happening. Moving onto the travel restrictions which are put in place by the government to inform tourists about any risks when visiting destinations or restrictions that stop them going to the country whatsoever. The FCO is a government company that has a website which gives all up to date information about any risks. There has recently been the Ebola virus ongoing which made the government put on restrictions on travelling to areas of West Africa. These restrictions are put in place at the moment until march 2015 as there still hasn’t been a cure fount and it’s a really deadly disease. Even though there has not been any risks of Ebola in the South Africa the times live have said in their news article that there has been a lot of people cancelling their holidays due to the fact that they are scared of getting the virus. Travel restrictions are put in place to prevent people from getting the disease and spreading it further. Next I will talk about the social situations that affect the travel to long haul destinations. The poverty in a lot of long haul destination countries reaches the extreme levels where beggars are around every corner. Tourists have to be really  careful with showing what they have and showing their wealth as the beggars end up making them feel guilty due to the fact that you maybe don’t want to help them and if you do it still makes you think that it isn’t enough. In Bandung which is a city in Indonesia there is an expected drop of 10% in tourism due to the increase of beggars on the streets. Tourists have to consider the culture and the level of poverty when they go to such an area and prepare themselves mentally to be able to enjoy this holiday. Also another example of this is the Ramadan city in Africa in which there are beggars not from even local areas harassi ng foreign tourists and making them give them all of their belongings. Recently these beggars were harassing two female tourists and when they didn’t succeed in getting anything out of them they tried to steal their stuff. This has been stated by Sumaiya Yousuf on the Rising Kashmir website. Next I will talk about the health issues that affect the travel to some long haul destinations. Health issues include things like diseases and epidemics. There is a disease ongoing at the minute of Ebola in the areas of West Africa which led to travel restrictions for UK citizens. This disease has not only lead to loss of tourism for West Africa but also for South Africa and some Asian cities as people are scared to come and visit those places because of the disease being this close. There has been researches done that showed that if the epidemic spreads into countries such as Nigeria and Senegal, Africa could lose up to 32.6 billion by the end of 2015. The Research also shows a 20%-40% drop in demand to travelling to areas close to the affected regions. All of this is stated in a International Business Times news online. Entry and Exit requirements are another issue affecting travel to a long haul destination due to the cost of it as they are really high. A single visit visa to China costs  £30 per person, vaccinations and the certificates for them could cost from  £15-  £150 per person depending on the destination and departure taxes when you are leaving to go back to England vary from  £20- £35 per person. Sometimes your departure tax is included in your flight however in some destinations such as Aruba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica and a few more you have to pay in local currency at the airport before you leave back home. Australia over the years since 2009 has increase their departure tax from $AUS7 to $AUS46 which as you can tell is a quick increase, we don’t know whether other countries will be doing departure taxes however it is really of putting when tourists  go to destinations and a lot of their money goes on Visas, Departure tax and Vaccination certificates.